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Leeds Numeric: Generative artificial intelligence

Reference examples

It is important that you first check the requirements for your assessment and that you understand exactly what you are, and are not, allowed to use generative AI to do. Your assessment instructions should include this information, but you should check with your tutor if you are unsure.  

If you have used generative AI to assist you in creating your work, you should include an acknowledgement of this use, including the details of which AI tool you used, and how you used it (eg for idea generation, summarising notes, generating an image, etc). Find out how to word this acknowledgement.   

If you are including the output from a generative AI tool in your work, you should cite and reference it. If you directly copy and paste words from the AI output, you must put these in quotation marks to show they are a direct quote.  

Some generative AI tools provide a shareable link to the conversation or output. If this is available, you should include it.  

Examples 

Company. Name of Generative AI (Version number if known). [Generative AI]. Year. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL of specific output if available  

OpenAI. ChatGPT (GPT-3.5). [Generative AI]. 2024. [Accessed 12 March 2024]. Available from: https://chat.openai.com/share/771e3e48-78a3-4c5f-9083-d179149040b3  

Microsoft. Copilot. [Generative AI]. 2024. [Accessed 12 March 2024]. 

See also: Image. 

Citation examples

When to include page numbers

You should include page numbers if you quote directly from the text, paraphrase specific ideas or explanations, or use an image, diagram, table, etc. from a source.

Example:

"It was emphasised that citations in a text should be consistent" (1, p.24).

When referencing a single page, you should use p.

For a range of pages, use pp.

Example:

p.7 or pp.20-29.

If the page numbers are in Roman numerals, do not include p. before them.

Example:

(5, iv)

Common issues

When you're referencing with Leeds Numeric you may come across issues with missing details, multiple authors, edited books, references to another author's work or online items, to name a few. Here are some tips on how to deal with some common issues when using Leeds Numeric.

Skip straight to the issue that affects you: